Boiler_Fundamentals

What is Electric Current and Theory of Electricity What is Electric Current? The  electric current  is the rate of flow of  electric charge  through a conducting medium with respect to time. When there is a potential difference between two points in a conductive medium, electric charge starts flowing from the higher potential point to the lower potential point to balance the charge distribution between the points. The rate of flow of charge in respect of time is known as electric current . Current Formula If q Coulomb electric charge gets transferred between these two points in time t sec, then the current can be calculated as In differential form, the current can be represented as Unit of Current As the current is the ratio of transferred charge to the time taken for this charge transferring we can say one unit current is such a rate of charge transferring in which one Coulomb charge is transferred from one point to another in one second. H...

Voltage or Electric Potential Difference Before understanding voltage or electric potential difference , it’s important to first investigate how a charged particle moves in a uniform static electric field. Voltage Theory Let us consider two parallel plates, that are connected to a battery. The upper plate is connected with positive terminal of a battery. Hence this plate is positively charged, and the lower plate is connected to negative terminal of the battery and hence this lower plate is negatively charged . These plates produce a static electric field between them which is proportional to surface charge density of both plates, let’s the surface charge density of the upper plate is σ. Then the surface charge density of lower plate will be – σ. The electric field produced by the only positive plate is surface charge density divided by twice of permeability of the space between the plates i.e. Similarly, a static electric field produced by the negative plate is ...

What is Wind Turbine | Horizontal Axis and Vertical Axis Wind Turbine The wind has its kinetic energy as it nothing but the flow of atmospheric air. A wind turbine is a machine which utilizes the kinetic energy of wind to produce rotational mechanical energy in its shaft. The rotational motion of the shaft turns an electrical generator to generate electricity . There are mainly two types of wind turbine available one is the horizontal axis type another is vertical axis type. The turbines are also available in different sizes depending upon their mode of applications. In many places of the modern world, people use small-sized wind turbines to charge batteries for auxiliary power supply to boats, caravans etc. Many electric utility companies use medium-sized wind turbines to supply a portion of the domestic load when sufficient wind is available so that they can sale back the surplus demanded power to the electrical grid. The stock of fossil fuels on that planet is becoming nil day ...

Electric Power Generation We divide the power system into three parts; power generation , transmission and distribution. In this article, we will discuss power generation . Actually, in power generation, one form of energy gets converted into electrical energy. We produce electrical energy from various natural sources. We classify these sources into two types renewable sources and non-renewable sources. In present power system, most of the electrical energy gets generated from non-renewable sources like coal, oil and natural gases. But these sources are limitedly available. So, we have to use these sources carefully and always to find an alternate source or move on renewable sources. The renewable sources include the solar, wind, water, tidal and biomass. These sources are the environment-friendly, free and infinite resource available. Let us get more information about renewable sources. Solar Energy System It is a best alternative source for power generation. There are two wa...

Steam Turbine The   steam turbine   is a favourite prime mover in a steam power generating plants. The steam turbine may be of capacity from 5 megawatts 2000 megawatt. The advantages of a steam turbine over a diesel engine are as follows. The size of a steam turbine is much smaller than that of an equivalent diesel engine. The size of a 30-megawatt steam turbine is same as a 5-megawatt diesel engine. Construction wise the steam turbine is much simpler than a diesel engine. The rotor shaft, blades, steam control valve are the three essential components of a steam turbine. A  steam turbine  suffers from less vibration than that of diesel engine if the rotating parts of the system correctly installed and aligned. The speed of a steam turbine can be much higher than that of a diesel engine. The standard speed of a steam turbine used in an electrical generating station is 3600 RPM in USA and 3000 RPM in the UK whereas the highest standard ...

Thermal Power Generation Plant or Thermal Power Station Thermal power generation plant or thermal power station is the most conventional source of electric power . Thermal power plant is also referred as coal thermal power plant and steam turbine power plant . Before going into detail of this topic, we will try to understand the line diagram of electric power generation plant . Theory of Thermal Power Station The theory of thermal power station or working of thermal power station is very simple. A power generation plant mainly consists of alternator runs with help of steam turbine. The steam is obtained from high pressure boilers. Generally in India, bituminous coal, brown coal and peat are used as fuel of boiler. The bituminous coal is used as boiler fuel has volatile matter from 8 to 33% and ash content 5 to 16%. To increase the thermal efficiency, the coal is used in the boiler in powder form. In coal thermal power plant , the steam is produced in high pressure in...

Steam Boiler | Working principle and Types of Boiler Boiler or more specifically steam boiler is an essential part of thermal power plant . Definition of Boiler Steam boiler or simply a boiler is basically a closed vessel into which water is heated until the water is converted into steam at required pressure. This is most basic definition of boiler . Working Principle of Boiler The basic working principle of boiler is very very simple and easy to understand. The boiler is essentially a closed vessel inside which water is stored. Fuel (generally coal) is bunt in a furnace and hot gasses are produced. These hot gasses come in contact with water vessel where the heat of these hot gases transfer to the water and consequently steam is produced in the boiler. Then this steam is piped to the turbine of thermal power plant . There are many different types of boiler utilized for different purposes like running a production unit, sanitizing some area, sterilizing equipment, t...